These events are referred to collectively as the Russian Revolution. The second brought the Bolsheviks to power. The first overthrew the imperial government. In 1917, Russia, one of the Allies’ principal powers, was rocked by two revolutions. This newly gained edge for the Allies was initially counter-balanced by events taking place on the war's eastern front. Pershing, combined with an ever-tightening blockade of German ports, helped to shift the balance of the war effort eventually to the advantage of the Allies. Fresh troops and materiel from the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) under the leadership of General John J. Citing Germany's policy of unrestricted submarine warfare and its attempt to ally with Mexico, the United States declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917. Impact of US Entry into the War and the Russian RevolutionĪ decisive change in the hostilities came in April 1917. Combat also took place in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and the Pacific Islands, at sea and, for the first time, in the air. Heavy fighting also occurred elsewhere in Europe: in Northern Italy, the Balkans, Greece, and Ottoman Turkey. The scale of the conflict was still equal to that on the western front. On the other hand, the vast expanse of the eastern front prevented large-scale trench warfare. For most North American and western European combatants, their experience of the war was trench warfare. It spread roughly from the North Sea to the Swiss border. The system of trenches and fortifications in western Europe extended at its longest some 475 miles. It became a stalemate of costly battles and trench warfare, particularly on the European western front. This enthusiasm faded as the war bogged down. Initially there was enthusiasm on all sides and confidence in a quick and decisive victory. Joined later by the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) and Bulgaria.Joined later by numerous countries, including Brazil, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Siam (Thailand), and the United States.The opposing sides in World War I are known as the Allies and the Central Powers. Fighting began in August 1914 and continued on multiple continents for the next four years. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, and his wife, the Duchess Sophie, in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914, sparked the hostilities. World War I marked the first great international conflict of the twentieth century.
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